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The Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation, consisting of the Young Pioneers and the Thälmann Pioneers, was a youth organisation of schoolchildren aged 6 to 14, in East Germany. They were named after Ernst Thälmann, the former leader of the Communist Party of Germany who was executed at the Buchenwald concentration camp. The group was a subdivision of the ''Freie Deutsche Jugend'' (FDJ, Free German Youth), East Germany's youth movement. It was founded on 13 December 1948 and broke apart in 1989 on German reunification. From the 1960s and 1970s, nearly all schoolchildren between ages 6 and 14 were organised into Young Pioneer or Thälmann Pioneer groups. The pioneer group was based on the Scouts, but organised in such a way as to teach schoolchildren aged 6 – 14 socialist ideology and prepare them for the ''Freie Deutsche Jugend'', the FDJ. Its organisation was similar to scouting and other such organisations. Afternoons spent at the pioneer group mainly consisted of a mixture of adventure, myth-like socialist teaching and the upkeep of revolutionary traditions. In the summer, children usually went to pioneer camps similar to the West German ''Wandervogel'' groups or the Scouts. International pioneer camps were also common, intended to foster friendship between different nationalities. ==History== At the 17th congress of the FDJ's central council, the "Young Pioneers" were officially founded on 13 December 1948. It was the common political mass organisation for children in the GDR, run by the SED through the FDJ. From 1949 its chairperson was Margot Feist, who became Mrs Erich Honecker. From 1949 a newspaper was produced called "The Young Pioneer" (''Der junge Pionier''), later called "The Drum" (''Die Trommel''). In 1952 the organisation was named after Ernst Thälmann. In 1949 the organisation already counted 714,258 young pioneers, i.e. about 30% of all school-age children in the Soviet zone. By the end of the 1950s the majority of school-age children in East Germany were in the Thälmann pioneer organisation, the range going from 67.4% in Berlin to 89.4% in Dresden. In 1989 there were nearly two million schoolchildren in the organisation, or 98% of all schoolchildren in East Germany. The pioneers had a general meeting every few years, each time with a different theme. # 1952 Dresden, opening meeting, naming of pioneers # 1955 Dresden # 1958 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, ''Für Frieden und Sozialismus'' (For Peace and Socialism) # 1961 Erfurt, ''Bekenntnis zu ihrem sozialistischen Staat'' (Vow to the Socialist State) # 1964 Chemnitz (then Karl-Marx-Stadt) # 1970 Cottbus # 1972 Dresden: performance show of the Young Pioneers / Thälmann Pioneers # 1988 Chemnitz In November 1989, there was unrest in the cities of the GDR, such as the Monday demonstrations in Leipzig. The evening before the GDR's 40th anniversary, the traditional parade of torches by the FDJ was accompanied by cries of "Gorbi, Gorbi!" (These events, as well as FDJ and Pioneer songs, are shown in the German language film ''Good Bye Lenin!''). The pioneers' chairperson, Wilfried Poßner, who had led the organisation for the last four years, resigned. He was succeeded by Birgit Gappa, who was given the task of reforming the organisation but became its last leader. In August 1990, after the fall of the Berlin Wall and shortly before German reunification, the Ernst Thälmann Pioneer organisation was dissolved. Since then, there have been no pioneer organisations in Germany. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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